Role of Synovial Exosomes in Osteoclast Differentiation in Inflammatory Arthritis

This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of exosomes isolated from synovial fluid and their role in osteoclast differentiation different types inflammatory arthritis. Exosomes rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), gout, osteoarthritis (OA) patients were co-incubated with CD14+ mononuclear cells healthy donors without macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) receptor activator nuclear kappa-B ligand (RANKL). Osteoclast was evaluated via tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining activity F-actin ring formation. RANKL expression on assessed using flow cytometry an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Synovial lowest OA patients; these induced osteoclastogenesis absence M-CSF RANKL. Osteoclastogenesis significantly higher more RA (p = 0.030) than patients, but not AS or gout patients. On treating macrophages a specified number RA/AS greater exosomal levels 0.035) exosome numbers vary type may bear disease-specific “synovial signature osteoclastogenesis.”